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MY SIMPLE SUMMARY
From the teaching of the Lord Jesus,
the Old Testament Prophets, and the New Testament Apostles, the fact of Christ
Jesus’s Return is well established as a coming event – at any time.
Searching for an understanding arrives
at the following:
1.
Jesus may return for the Church before
the Tribulation brought about by the Antichrist – whose rule comprises a seven
year period.
2. Jesus will also return to the Mount of Olives, to
save the Jewish Nation, and set up His Millennium Kingdom. This will be spectacular
and seen worldwide.
3.
The final events comprise: the Judgment
of the Lost Humans, Satan – who will all join the Fallen Angels, the False
Prophet, and the Antichrist in the Lake of Fire and Sulphur, forever. The
destruction of the Old Heaven and Earth. Creation of the New Heaven and Earth –
the coming of God’s Glory and the New Jerusalem to Earth. [There are varying
views of the order and details.]
Acts 1:7 He said to them: “It is not for you to know the times or dates the Father has set by his own authority.
Here
is perhaps an intimation that the finer details are too difficult and complex for
us to understand.
The End Time covers a period of the future: the preaching of the Gospel of hope, the appearance of the Antichrist, the suffering for at least the Jews - The Great Tribulation, the Resurrection and Rapture of the Church - Judgment, Acquittal, and Rewards, the Coming of Christ to the Earth, the Millennium and the imprisonment of Satan, the brief threat of the the Last Battle, the Resurrection of the rest of humankind, the damning of Satan and the Lost, the Coming of Heaven to a New Heavens and Earth, and the Marriage of the Lamb.
There is serious concern over Global Warming, and Ecological Breakdown; but the Scriptures make all this quite clear: there will be a terrible time of Great Tribulation coming on the Earth; see, starting at Revelation chapter 6, and a possible Nuclear War (Zechariah 14:12 This is the plague with which the LORD will strike all the nations that fought against Jerusalem: Their flesh will rot while they are still standing on their feet, their eyes will rot in their sockets, and their tongues will rot in their mouths.)
July 2022
There is the question of whether Ezekiel 38 and 39, have yet to be enacted: a huge but totally unsuccessful united onslaught against Israel. And then we have Zechariah 14: with the serious cruel defeat of Israel, their cry for help. and the return of the Lord Jesus the Messiah, to the Mount of Olives.
Hebrews 12:25-29 See to it that you do not refuse him who speaks. If they did not escape when they refused him who warned them on earth, how much less will we, if we turn away from him who warns us from heaven? At that time [in the past] his voice shook the earth, but now he has promised, “Once more I will shake not only the earth but also the heavens.” The words “once more” indicate the removing of what can be shaken—that is, created things—so that what cannot be shaken may remain. Therefore, since we are receiving a kingdom that cannot be shaken, let us be thankful, and so worship God acceptably with reverence and awe, for our “God is a consuming fire.”
Christians should be seen to care for the World and not bring about its End - and Christ's Return, by destructive attitudes. The real process is to PREACH THE GOSPEL TO EVERY PERSON, AND REACH EVERY NATION WITH THE GOSPEL. Revelation 5:9 And they sang a new song:
“You are worthy to take the scroll
and to open its seals,
because you were slain,
and with your blood you purchased men for God
from every tribe and language and people and nation."
When Jesus returns, for God's people, it will be like a trillion holidays, all rolled into one.
For the lost it will be eternal hell - please, flee from the wrath to come, NOW.
Scripture Passages
Isaiah 24:21-23 In that day the LORD will punish
the powers in the heavens above
and the kings on the earth below.
22 They will be herded together
like prisoners bound in a dungeon;
they will be shut up in prison
and be punished after many days.
23 The moon will be abashed, the sun ashamed;
for the LORD Almighty will reign
on Mount Zion and in Jerusalem,
and before its elders, gloriously.
See: Psalm 72:8-11, 82:8-11, 110:5-7, Isaiah 9:3-7, 34, 51:6, 65:17-25, 66:22-24, The Book of Daniel, 2:27 ff, 7, 8, 12:1-3, Zechariah 14:1 ff, Matthew 5:29-30, 7:13-14, 8:29, 10:15,42, 11:22-24, 12:32,36, 13:30,37-43,47-50, 16:27, 18:8-9, 19:21,28-30, chapter 24, 25:13,30,31-46, 26:29,64, 28:20, Synoptic equivalents plus more: Mark 4:29, 8:38, 9:43-48, 10:30, 40, 12:25-27,38-40, chapter 13, 14:25,62, 16:16, Luke 1:32-33, 8:30-31, 9:26, 10:10-16, 12:40 (in context), 13:18-30,35, 14:14, 16:19-31, 17:24-37, 18:8,30, 20:35-38, chapter 21, 22:16-18,69, John 1:51, 3:16,36, 5:26-29, 6:40,44,54, 11:24-26, 14:1-3, 17:24, 21:22-23, Acts 1:7,11, 2:17-21 (Joel 2:28-32), 3:20-21,23, 7:13, 10:42, 17:31, 24:25, Romans 2:16, 8:23-25, 13:11, 15:12(Isaiah 11:10), 1 Corinthians 1:7-8, 3:10-15, 4:5, 5:5, 11:26, 13:12, 15:20-58, 2 Corinthians 1:14, 4:14, 5:1-10, 11:2(Revelation 21:2),14, Galatians 4:26(Revelation 21:2), 5:5, 6:9, Ephesians 1:13-14,18,21, 2:7, 3:11, 4:30, 5:27,32, Philippians 1:6,10,23, 2:9-11,16, 3:14,20-21, 4:3, Colossians 1:3,12, 3:4, 3:24-25, 1 Thessalonians and 2 Thessalonians generally, 1 Timothy 4:8, 5:24-25, 6:14-15, 2 Timothy 1:12,18, 2:10-12, 3:1-9, 4:1-5,8,18, Titus 2:13, 3:7, Hebrews 2:2-3, 4:13, 6:2,12,17-20, 9:15,28, 10:23,29-31,36-37, 11:16,26,35,39-40, 12:22-23,29, 13:14,20-21, James 1:18, 2:5,19, 5:1-8, 1 Peter 1:3-13,17, 2:8,12, 3:7,15, 4:7,13, 5:6, 2 Peter 3:3-18, 1:11, 2:4,9, 3:4-18, 1 John 2:17-29, 3:2-3, 4:3, 2 John verses 2,7, Jude verses 6,14-15,18,21,24-25, Revelation - the whole Book
My daughter's illustration of the Four Beasts of Daniel 7. Interestingly: Daniel was one of the three ribs in the mouth of the Bear, and the Corinthian Christians would be particularly intrigued by the portrayal of Alexander as the Leopard. This style of Apocalyptic Prophesy is continued in The Book of Revelation.
ESCHATOLOGY The New International Dictionary of the Bible, redacted, (es-k a-tol'o-ge, Gr. eschatos, last - and logos (ordered statement). The study of the last things to happen on this earth in this present age. The word is used to cover the study of such important events as the second coming/parousia of Jesus Christ, the judgment of the world, the resurrection of the dead, and the creation of the new heaven and earth. Related topics include the kingdom of God (the saving rule of God exhibited in Jesus Christ and experienced now through the Holy Spirit in anticipation of its fullness in the new heaven and earth of the age to come), the nature of the Millennium, the intermediate state, the concept of immortality, and the eternal destiny of the wicked. Since the article KINGDOM OF GOD treats that topic as well as the MILLENNIUM, only passing reference will be made to these two topics here.
Since the Lord is presented in Scripture as the Creator, Preserver, Redeemer, and King, that which will bring the present age to its end and inaugurate the new age is seen as being very much under his control. Thus, the believer is to have hope. However, it is helpful, in order to do justice to the tension within the NT between salvation already (but partially) experienced and salvation not yet (wholly) experienced, to speak of “inaugurated” eschatology and “fulfilled” eschatology. The people of God are living in the last days, but the Last Day has not yet arrived. The new age broke into this present evil age when Christ rose from the dead, but the new has not yet wholly replaced the old. The Spirit of Christ brings into the present age the life of the age to come; so what he makes available is “firstfruits” (Romans 8:23), and he is the “guarantee/guarantor” or “pledge” of the fullness of life to come (2 Corinthians 1:22; 5:5; Ephesians 1:14).
As the people of the new age yet living in the old world and age, the church is called to engage in mission and evangelism (Matt 24:14; 28:19-20) until Christ’s return to earth. Signs of the times—i.e., that the end is sure and near—include the evangelization of the world, the conversion of Israel (Rom 11:25-26), the great apostasy (2 Thessalonians2:1-3—see also APOSTASY), the tribulation (Matt 24:21-30), and the revelation of Antichrist (2 Thessalonians 2:1-12; see also ANTICHRIST). These signs are seen during the whole of the “last days,” particularly in the last of the last days.
I. The Second Coming. Christ is now in heaven, seated at the right hand of the Father as our exalted Prophet, Priest, and King, waiting for the time appointed by the Father to return to earth. Three Greek words—parousia (presence, 1 Thessalonians 3:13), apokalypsis (revelation, 2 Thessalonians 1:7-8), and epiphaneia (appearance, 2:8)—are used of this event in the NT. This coming will be nothing less than the personal, visible, and glorious return of the same Jesus who ascended into heaven (Matthew 24:30; Acts 1:11; 3:19-21; Philippians 3:20). It will be an event of which everyone on earth will be abruptly aware, for it will mean the end of things as they are and the universal recognition of the true identity of Jesus of Nazareth. (Note: The position adopted here is the classic position, found in the ecumenical creeds—Apostles’ and Nicene—but other scholars hold that Christ will come in two stages: first, secretly (a Secret Rapture), to gather his faithful people, and then, seven years later, openly to be seen by all. This is part of the system of pretribulational dispensationalism and is expounded in the Scofield Reference Bible.)
II. The Resurrection of the Dead. Christ himself rose bodily from the dead. His body was a real, yet spiritual, body, and he is the “firstborn” from the dead (Romans 8:11, 29; Colossians 1:18) and the “firstfruits” of the resurrection of all believers (1 Corinthians 15:20). The resurrection (Gr. anastasis) of each and every person who has ever lived is part of God’s plan for the human race (Dan 12:2; John 5:28-29; Acts 24:15); but the resurrection of the wicked will be the beginning of God’s judgment on them, while the resurrection of the righteous will be the beginning of their life in Christ in the fullness of the kingdom of God. At the second coming of Christ, the dead will appear in their resurrection bodies; those who are alive will find that their bodies are marvellously changed, even though they remain the same individual persons. Little is taught in Scripture concerning the new bodies of the wicked; but we learn that the resurrection bodies of the righteous will be incorruptible, glorious, and spiritual (1 Corinthians 15:35 ff.) and like Christ’s glorious body (Philippians 3:21). Life in the new age of the kingdom of God in the new heaven and earth will be everlasting, abundant life in an immortal body. The NT has no doctrine of the “immortality of the soul.” (Note: Again, this is the classical tradition that there is one resurrection of the dead at Christ’s coming. However, premillennialists maintain that there will be two resurrections—one of believers at the beginning of the one thousand years and one of unbelievers at the end of the Millennium. Those who adopt the dispensationalist premillennial approach specify two other groups that will be resurrected—saints from the Tribulation at the end of the seven years and saints from the Millennium at the end of the one thousand years.)
One should distinguish between (1) the resurrection to mortal life, that is, life that will involve death—as happened to the widow’s son (1 Kings 17:17-24), the son of the Shunamite woman (2 Kings 4:32-37), the widow of Nain’s son (Luke 7:11-17), the daughter of Jairus (Matt 9:18-26), and Lazarus (John 11:38 ff.)—and (2) the resurrection to immortality, of which Jesus is the supreme example and the “prototype.” The nature of the resurrected bodies of those who came to bodily life as Jesus expired on the cross (Matthew 27:51-52) is difficult to determine.
III. The Last Judgment. Having returned to earth, Jesus Christ will be the judge of the nations and of every person who has ever lived. In the name of God the Father (Romans 14:10; 1 Peter 1:17), Jesus the Lord acts as universal judge (Acts 17:31). This judgment, however, is not to fix but to confirm the eternal destiny of human beings according to their acceptance or rejection of the gospel. Further, it is an examination of the motives and deeds of everyone, believer and unbeliever, together with judgment based on this evidence (Matthew 11:20-22; 12:36; 25:35-40; 2 Corinthians 5:10) and on the human response to the known will of God (Matthew 16:27; Romans 1:18-21; 2:12-16; Revelation 20:12; 22:12). True believers will, in this judgment, be shown to be those in whom faith has manifested itself in love and deeds of mercy (Matthew 7:21; 25:35 ff.; James 2:18). Therefore, there are spiritual rewards in the age to come for those in this life who have faithfully served the Lord (Luke 19:12-27; 1 Corinthians 3:10-15; cf. Matthew 5:11-12; 6:19-21). Those who hold to dispensationalism refer to several judgments—of the sins of believers (at Calvary), of the works of the believer (at the time of the Rapture), of individual Gentiles (before the Millennium), of the people Israel (before the Millennium), of fallen angels, and of the wicked (after the Millennium). After the second coming of Christ and the final judgment, those who are judged to be the righteous begin their life in the new heaven and earth, while those who are judged to be unrighteous are consigned to everlasting punishment.
IV. Eternal Happiness in the New Order of Existence (New Heaven and Earth). At or following the second coming of Christ, the old universe will be marvellously regenerated (Acts 3:19-21; Romans 8:19-21; 2 Peter 3:2) in order to be reborn as the “new heaven and earth,” the new cosmos/universe. This is described in Isaiah 65:17-25; 66:22, 23; 2 Peter 2:13; and Revelation 21:1-4. In Revelation 21-22, God himself is presented as dwelling with his people in this new order of existence, and, thus, they are supremely happy with Christ as the centre and light of all. It is fitting that those with resurrection bodies should dwell with their God in a regenerated universe, from which heaven—as God’s place and sphere—is not separated but is rather present. This is the force of the picture of the descent of the heavenly Jerusalem in Revelation 21:2, to be the centre of the new universe.
V. Eternal Misery and Punishment in Hell. Jesus himself had more to say about hell (see HELL) than any other person whose teaching is recorded in the NT (e.g., Matthew 5:22, 29-30; 10:28; 13:41-42; 25:46). Through a variety of pictures and images, the NT presents a frightening portrayal of the everlasting suffering of those who have rejected the gospel. Since this is a difficult and hard teaching to accept, two alternatives have been proposed and remain popular. The first is universalism, which insists that God is love and that ultimately all people will receive God’s salvation. This approach involves the denial of the commonsense interpretation of many NT passages. The second is annihilation—the wicked cease to exist after the Last Judgment. This involves the view that human beings are mortal beings (like animals) who, unless they are given the gift of immortality through grace, return to nothingness.
VI. Immortality. God alone truly possesses immortality (aphtharsia, 1 Timothy 6:16), for he is the eternal source of life. Human beings were created for immortality (rather than created with immortal souls); and this immortality, in the sense of receiving and enjoying God’s life, is given to the righteous at the resurrection of the dead, in and through the gift of an imperishable and immortal new body (1 Corinthians 15:53-55). This immortal/eternal life, anticipated with the gift of the Spirit in new birth in this age, is fully given at the Resurrection. At all times the immortality of the redeemed sinner is dependent on the gift of God, the source of eternal life. Careless talk about the immortality of the soul can eclipse the biblical emphasis that immortality belongs to God alone and is given to believing human beings in and through a body (2 Corinthians 5:1-4). The wicked retain their personal existence but away from the holy love and immortal, abundant, eternal life of God. They are never said to have immortality or to exist eternally in immortal bodies, for the NT use of immortality is to denote the immunity from death and decay that results from sharing in the divine life.
VII. The Intermediate State. Those who are alive at the second coming of Christ will experience the transformation of their earthly, perishable bodies. But what of those who have died and will die before the end of the age and the resurrection of the dead? We know that their bodies return to dust. Since the emphasis of the NT is on the events that bring this age to an end and inaugurate the age of the kingdom of God, little is said about the existence of those who die before the Second Coming. This interim period when they await the resurrection is often called the Intermediate State. The parable of the rich man and Lazarus (Luke 16:19-31) suggests that there is conscious existence and that this can be of misery or of rest/happiness. Certainly the NT points to the comfort and security of those who die as disciples of Jesus (Luke 23:42-43; 2 Cor 5:6-8; Philippians 1:21-23; 1 Thessalonians 4:16; see also HADES; PARADISE; SHEOL). One of our problems in understanding this period is that it involves the great problem of the relation of time and eternity.
Bibliography: John Baillie, And the Life Everlasting, 1933; K. Hanhart, The Intermediate State in the New Testament, 1966; G. E. Ladd, Presence of the Future, 1974; R. G. Clouse (ed.), Meaning of the Millennium: Four Views, 1977; A. A. Hoekema, The Bible and the Future, 1978; M. J. Harris, Raised Immortal, 1984.
Peter Toon, M.A. (University of Liverpool), M.Th. (University of London), D.Phil. (Oxford University). Director of Post-Ordination Training, Diocese of St. Edmundsbury and Ipswich.
THE NEW INTERNATIONAL DICTIONARY OF THE BIBLE
J. D. Douglas, Revising Editor Merrill C. Tenney, General Editor, First Edition Steven Barabas, Associate Editor, First Edition Consulting Editors for the Revision: F. F. Bruce, Walter A. Elwell, Thomas E. McComiskey, J. A. Motyer, Peter Toon
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My other Blogs: Heaven, Hell
Eternal Hope: Set your minds on things above, not on earthly things. (Colossians 3:2)
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A recent question: How will the left-behind-World
explain the Rapture of the Church?
The People of God – the Ekklesia, some unexpected will
have gone, some equally unexpected will be left! A lack of accurate research
always covers up the reality.
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